Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs）is a kind of tissue stem cell which can secret various hemopoietic regulation factors and extracellular matrix in bone marrow，and it possess the ability of self-proliferation and multipotential differentiation．MSCs can differentiate into central nervous system cells，including neurons，astrocytes and oligodendrocytes．It is prone to cell culture and has low immunogenicity, so it has been widely applied to transplantation research on treatment of traumatic brain injury disease.