Objective To study whether TNFα transduction neurocyte apotosis exists in the temporal lobe of refractory human Temple Lobe Epilepsy（TLE）and explore the relative molecule mechanisms. Methods SP dyeing of Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TNFR-assosiated death domain protein（TRADD）、apoptosis-signal-regulating kinase 1（ASK1）and caspase 8 in neurons and gliocytes of refractory human TLE group and contrast group,and their expression was analyzed. Neurons，gliocytes in the foci of TLE were observed by transmission electron microscope.Results The expression of caspase 8 in neurons of TLE group was increased than that in contrast group（P＜0.05）. The expression of caspase 8 in gliocytes of TLE group was obviously increased than that in contrast group（P＜0.01）. The expression of TRADD and ASK1 was not found in neurons and gliocytes of both groups. Under transmission electron microscope,distinctive apotosis changes were found in neurons of TLE group,including the neurons decreasing in volume、nuclear pyknosis、increasing and marginal collection of heterochromatin、shrinkage of cytomembrane and nucleolemma、nuclear division、forming apoptotic bodies. And astrocytes were found swollen.Conclusion In the temporal lobe tissue of refractory human TLE：TNFα transduction cell apotosis may exist in neurons and gliocytes.