急性期破裂颅内宽颈动脉瘤一期支架辅助治愈性栓塞的临床研究
作者:
作者单位:

昆明医科大学第二附属医院脑血管病科,云南 昆明 650101

作者简介:

张贤(1997—),男,硕士,主要从事脑血管疾病的研究。

通信作者:

鲍娟,女,副教授,博士,主要从事脑血管疾病及神经介入治疗的研究,Email:294882305@qq.com。

基金项目:

云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2023Y0638)。


Efficacy and safety of stent-assisted curative embolization in treatment of acutely ruptured intracranial wide-necked aneurysms
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Affiliation:

Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China

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    摘要:

    目的 分析一期采用支架辅助弹簧圈治愈性栓塞急性期破裂颅内动脉瘤的疗效及安全性。方法 研究2017年1月—2022年10月昆明医科大学第二附属医院收治的205例采用血管内治疗的颅内动脉瘤破裂至蛛网膜下腔出血患者,收集临床资料包括一般资料、手术方法、Raymond分级评估即刻及末次随访栓塞率、围手术期及随访期并发症,改良Rankin量表评估临床预后。结果 205例患者中,支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞(SAC)组77例,单纯弹簧圈栓塞(NSC)组128例。术后即刻RaymondⅠ级栓塞率SAC组76.6%与NSC组的75.0%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。188例患者获得临床随访,85例患者获得至少1次DSA随访。末次随访Ⅰ级栓塞SAC组97.4%(37/38),NSC组91.5%(43/47);复发SAC组3例(3/38,7.9%),NSC组9例(9/47,19.1%),两组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术中总并发症发生率SAC组13.0%(10/77)与NSC组的9.4%(12/128)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1个月内发生动脉瘤再破裂出血SAC组7例(9.1%),较NSC组1例(0.8%)增高,但总并发症发生率SAC组(18/77,23.4%)与NSC组(20/128,15.6%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。至随访终点,两组间总死亡率与预后良好率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 SAC治疗急性期破裂动脉瘤安全有效,支架的使用未增加缺血事件发生的风险,抗血小板药物亦不增加术中出血性事件发生率,但仍应警惕由于动脉瘤未完全致密栓塞时抗血小板治疗带来的术后出血风险。SAC是否能降低动脉瘤的复发率还有待进一步明确。

    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of stent-assisted coil curative embolization in the treatment of acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 205 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured intracranial aneurysms who received endovascular treatment in Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, from January 2017 to October 2022. Related clinical data were collected, including general status, surgical methods, embolization rate immediately after surgery and at last follow-up based on the Raymond classification, and complications during the perioperative period and follow-up, and the modified Rankin Scale was used to evaluate clinical prognosis.Results Among the 205 patients, 77 were enrolled in the stent-assisted coiling (SAC) group and 128 were enrolled in the non-stent coiling (NSC) group. There was no significant difference in the rate of Raymond grade I embolization immediately after surgery between the SAC group and the NSC group (76.6% vs 75.0%, P>0.05). Clinical follow-up was performed for 188 patients, with 85 patients receiving at least one session of DSA follow-up. There were no significant differences between the SAC group and the NSC group in the rate of grade I embolization at last follow-up [97.4% (37/38) vs 91.5% (43/47), P>0.05] and recurrence rate [7.9% (3/38) vs 19.1% (9/47), P>0.05]. There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of intraoperative complications between the SAC group and the NSC group [13.0% (10/77) vs 9.4% (12/128), P>0.05]. Within 1 month after surgery, 7 patients (9.1%) in the SAC group and 1 patient (0.8%) in the NSC group experienced rebleeding of aneurysms, and there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between the SAC group and the NSC group [23.4% (18/77) vs 15.6% (20/128), P>0.05]. At the end of follow-up, there were no significant differences between the two groups in overall mortality rate and good prognosis rate (P>0.05).Conclusions SAC is safe and effective in the treatment of acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms. The use of stents does not increase the risk of ischemic events, and the use of antiplatelet agents does not increase the incidence rate of intraoperative hemorrhagic events, but we should be alert to the risk of postoperative bleeding due to antiplatelet therapy in case of incomplete embolization of the aneurysm. Further studies are needed to clarify whether SAC can reduce the recurrence rate of aneurysms.

    图1 患者女,48岁,前交通动脉破裂动脉瘤Fig.1
    图2 患者女,57岁,前交通破裂动脉瘤Fig.2
    图3 患者男,54岁,前交通破裂动脉瘤Fig.3
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张贤,鲍娟,曹毅,景睿,薛思博456.急性期破裂颅内宽颈动脉瘤一期支架辅助治愈性栓塞的临床研究[J].国际神经病学神经外科学杂志,2024,51(6):1-9111ZHANG Xian, BAO Juan, CAO Yi, JING Rui, XUE Sibo222. Efficacy and safety of stent-assisted curative embolization in treatment of acutely ruptured intracranial wide-necked aneurysms[J]. Journal of International Neurology and Neurosurgery,2024,51(6):1-9

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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-07
  • 最后修改日期:2024-09-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-01-10
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