X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy （X-ALD） is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder and primarily affects male individuals， with significant differences in clinical symptoms and prognosis. The main clinical manifestations of X-ALD include adrenocortical insufficiency， adrenomyeloneuropathy， and leukoencephalopathy， and female carriers may have varying degrees of clinical symptoms. Therefore， X-ALD carrier screening is essential for reducing birth defects and providing early treatment. Based on related studies， guidelines， and consensus statements in China and globally， this consensus elaborates on screening methods， target populations， screening processes， and genetic counseling before and after screening， in order to standardize the clinical application of carrier screening. ［Journal of International Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2024, 51(5): 23-29］