Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate （NMDA） receptor encephalitis is a rare and serious autoimmune encephalitis， which is mainly diagnosed based on the detection of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid， while there is still a lack of effective monitoring indicators for assessing its treatment outcome and prognosis. Continuous electroencephalography is a commonly used clinical test to monitor brain electrical activity and has the advantages of easy operation and low costs， showing a high value in assisting the diagnosis of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis， guiding its treatment， and judging the prognosis of the patients. ［Journal of International Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2024, 51(4): 65-68］