Objective To explore the association between ABO blood group and supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients who were diagnosed with supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in Department of Neurosurgery， Changshu TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine （Changshu New District Hospital）， from January 2018 to December 2022. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria， the patients were classified into blood group A （145 patients）， blood group B （149 patients）， blood group AB （50 patients）， and blood group O （135 patients）， and the differences between these blood groups were analyzed.Results There was a significant difference in hematoma volume between the patients with blood group O and those with other blood groups， and as for basal ganglia hemorrhage， there was a significant difference in Glasgow Prognostic Score between the patients with blood group O and those with other blood groups （P <0.05）.Conclusions Patients with blood group O tend to have a larger hematoma volume after supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage， among whom the patients with basal ganglia hemorrhage tend to have a poorer prognosis. ［Journal of International Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2024, 51(4): 41-44］