Vestibular schwannoma （VS） is a relatively common disease in clinical practice， and with the development of audiology screening regimens and neuroimaging， the detection rate of VS has been greatly improved. Many tumors are found in the early stage， and some are even found in physical examination when there are no symptoms. The development of treatment methods has achieved tumor resection while preserving facial nerve function and effective hearing of the affected side as much as possible. Microsurgery is the preferred treatment method for tumors with a diameter of >3 cm， and as for small and medium-sized tumors， although treatment options include observational imaging follow-up， radiotherapy， and microsurgery， surgery should be performed as early as possible. In addition， with in-depth research on the pathogenesis of the disease， biological targeted therapy may be an emerging treatment option in the future.