Objective To analyze the global literature on stereotactic neurosurgical treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder （OCD） from 1991 to 2022 for the current status and trends of research in this field， and provide references and suggestions for future academic development in related fields.Methods We searched the Web of Science database for relevant literature on stereotactic neurosurgery for treatment of OCD published from 1991 to 2022. Bibliometric methods were used to visualize the changes in the number of publications and high-frequency keywords.Results A total of 141 relevant manuscripts were published from 1991 to 2022， with an increasing trend in the number of publications. Of the 141 publications， over half were from the United States， far more than those from other countries. The top three prolific institutions in this study were Brown University， Harvard University， and University of Florida of the United States. Over the past 20 years， research hotspots in this field included refractory OCD， deep brain stimulation， stereotactic surgery， capsulotomy， depression， cingulotomy， essential tremor， thalamotomy， and the nucleus accumbens.Conclusions Future research should focus more on the actual needs of patients with OCD， improving treatment side effects and patient rehabilitation while ensuring treatment effectiveness， so as to prevent patients from social detachment due to post-treatment personality changes for a better return to communities.