Carotid stenosis caused by radiation injury is a late-onset complication after radiotherapy in patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck. This article reports a case of multiple stenosis and dissection of bilateral cervical vessels after more than 20 years of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma， and with reference to the cases of such disease reported in the literature in China and globally， this article also analyzes the research advances in its clinical features and treatment methods.