Objective To study the influencing factors for early epilepsy after burr hole drainage for chronic subdural hematoma.Methods We collected the clinical data of 230 patients with chronic subdural hematoma who underwent burr hole drainage at The Second Hospital of Longyan and The First Hospital of Jiaxing from January 2011 to January 2020 to analyze the association of sex， the volume and thickness of hematoma， unilateral/bilateral hematoma， preoperative Markwalder Grading Scale-Glasgow Coma Scale score， electrolyte abnormalities， the hematoma clearance rate at 24 h after operation， postoperative pneumocephalus， and prophylactic use of antiepileptic drugs with early epilepsy after operation.Results Among the 230 patients， 13 developed early epilepsy after operation， with an incidence rate of 5.7%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the hematoma clearance rate at 24 h after operation being ≥60% （95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.009-1.092）， not having prophylactic use of antiepileptic drugs （95% CI： 0.033-0.575）， and the occurrence of pneumocephalus （95% CI： 2.113-26.744） were significantly associated with early epilepsy after operation （all P <0.05）.Conclusion The hematoma clearance rate at 24 h after operation and pneumocephalus are associated with the occurrence of early epilepsy after burr hole drainage for chronic subdural hematoma. Prophylactic use of antiepileptic drugs can prevent early epilepsy.