Anterior sacral meningocele is a hernial sac formed by the spinal dura mater and the arachnoid membrane protruding into the abdominopelvic cavity through the abnormal bone defect in front of the sacrum， and its clinical symptoms are associated with the degree of compression of the cyst on surrounding tissue and other lesions， with the main manifestations of difficulty in urination and defecation， headache， and lumbosacral nerve dysfunction. ASM has a low incidence rate and a variety of clinical symptoms and is often misdiagnosed， which requires the clinicians in general surgery， urology， obstetrics and gynecology， and neurosurgery to deepen the understanding of this disease. At present， surgery is the main treatment method for ASM and there is a variety of surgical methods， and the most beneficial surgical method should be selected based on the condition of each patient to ensure the safety and success of surgery. This article reviews the pathogenesis， clinical manifestations， diagnosis， surgical methods， and clinical treatment strategies of ASM， so as to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of ASM.