Cognitive impairment refers to abnormalities in the processing of advanced brain intelligence such as memory， language， calculation， visual space， execution， comprehension， and judgment， and the possibility of dementia can be considered when two or more of the above cognitive domains are involved and affect an individual’s daily living and social competence. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Dementia poses a global health problem， and China is the country with the most severe conditions of dementia. Pharmacotherapy for cognitive impairment has a limited clinical effect， and it is urgent to explore effective non-pharmaceutical regimens. Non-pharmaceutical treatment methods for cognitive impairment mainly include noninvasive brain stimulation （NIBS） and cognitive training， and a combination of these two treatment methods may improve the treatment outcome of cognitive impairment. This article summarizes recent studies on NIBS combined with cognitive training in the treatment of patients with cognitive impairment， discusses the methods and efficacy of combined treatment， and provides a clinical basis and technical specifications for comprehensive treatment regimens for cognitive impairment.