Objective To investigate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation as an adjuvant therapy on cerebral blood flow, CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16), and neurocytokines in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 232 patients with cerebral infarction admitted to Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital from December 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into observation group (n=116) and control group (n=116). Both groups were treated with routine medication and rehabilitation training, and the observation group was given neuromuscular electrical stimulation as an adjuvant therapy additionally. The two groups were compared in terms of the levels of neurocytokines, cognitive and comprehensive functions, cerebral blood flow, CXCL16, and CD40 ligand (CD40L).Results After treatment, both groups showed increased scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Functional Comprehensive Assessment, level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and mean blood flow velocity of anterior cerebral artery and medium-sized artery, and the observation group had significantly higher values than the control group (P<0.05); in addition, both groups showed reduced levels of neuron-specific enolase, CXCL16, and CD40L, and the observation group had significantly lower values than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions On the basis of routine treatment, the adjuvant therapy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in treating cerebral infarction can effectively repair brain tissue injury, strengthen cerebral blood perfusion, and thereby improve the cognitive and comprehensive abilities of patients.