Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of deep brain stimulation (DBS) combined with drug therapy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CNKI were searched for clinical studies on DBS in the treatment of Parkinson's disease published up to September 2018. Data screening and extraction were conducted according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and RevMan 5.3 software was used for data analysis.Results A total of 11 studies were enrolled, with 274 patients with Parkinson's disease in total. The meta-analysis showed that the patients treated with DBS alone showed a significant improvement from the baseline at 5 years after operation (P<0.01); the motor symptoms were improved from the baseline (UPDRS-Ⅲ:standardized mean difference[SMD]=-21.31, 95% confidence interval[CI]:-25.18 to -17.44); there was a significant difference in treatment outcome between the patients treated with DBS alone and those treated with DBS combined with drug therapy at 5 years after operation (P<0.01); the patients treated with DBS combined with drug therapy showed improvements in motor symptoms (UPDRS-Ⅲ) (SMD=-7.26, 95%CI:-9.02 to-5.02) and quality of life (UPDRS-Ⅱ) (SMD=-4.2, 95%CI:-6.02 to-2.82) compared with those treated with DBS alone; the levodopa equivalent daily dose was significantly different before and after operation (SMD=453.76, 95%CI:394.31-513.21,P<0.01). DBS had a low incidence rate of side effects, and the incidence rates of cerebral hemorrhage, infection, and epilepsy were 4.4% (12 patients), 2.2% (6 patients), and 1.1% (3 patients), respectively.Conclusions DBS alone or combined with drug therapy can improve patients' motor symptoms and quality of life in 5 years after surgery and significantly reduce the dose of levodopa, with fewer side effects and high safety.