Objective To study the expression of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), pro-nerve growth factor (proNGF), and tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) and neuronal apoptosis rate in the perihematomal brain tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and to further explore their roles in neuronal apoptosis after ICH. Methods A rat model of ICH was established. The rats were sacrificed at 6 hours, 24 hours, 72 hours, and 10 days after the procedure. The apoptotic rate of neurons was measured by flow cytometry. The protein expression of p75NTR, TrkA, and proNGF was determined by immunohistochemistry (streptavidin-peroxidase, SP), and the mRNA expression of p75NTR and TrkA was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Results The expression of p75NTR and proNGF and p75NTR/TrkA ratio in the ICH group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). These changes were consistent with the change in neuronal apoptosis rate in different stages of ICH. The change in TrkA at 72 hours was inversely correlated with neuronal apoptosis rate. Conclusions The binding of proNGF with p75NTR may be involved in neuronal apoptosis after ICH. When p75NTR/TrkA ratio is increased, proNGF and p75NTR mainly induce neuronal apoptosis. The neurotrophic effect of TrkA is inhibited within 72 hours after ICH, while it may be restored after 72 hours.