Objective To investigate the correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 117 patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted to Department of Neurology in Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital from January to June, 2017 were enrolled as ischemic stroke group, and 48 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination in this hospital during the same period of time were enrolled as control group. High-pressure liquid chromatography was used to measure the level of HbA1c in blood, and AIP (equal to the logarithm of the ratio of triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) was calculated.Results Compared with the control group, the ischemic stroke group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with a smoking history (55.6% vs 35.7%, P=0.027) or a medical history of hypertension (76.9% vs 42.8%, P=0.000), as well as significantly higher triglyceride (1.58±0.96 vs 1.19±0.87, P=0.028), baseline systolic blood pressure (151.62±21.55 vs 134.12±16.97, P=0.000), baseline diastolic blood pressure (91.58±14.16 vs 82.00±12.71, P=0.000), HbA1c (6.8±1.8 vs 5.5±0.6, P=0.001), and AIP (0.05±0.26 vs -0.06±0.24, P=0.015). HbA1c was positively correlated with AIP in the ischemic stroke group (r=0.276, P=0.003).Conclusions HbA1c is positively correlated with AIP in patients with ischemic stroke. Therefore, regular measurement of HbA1c and AIP and active control of blood glucose and blood lipids may help to prevent ischemic stroke.