Objective To evaluate the treatment outcome and prognostic factors for pediatric glioblastomas.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 27 patients with glioblastomas aged under 18 years admitted from 2010 to 2017 to investigate their data on surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, as well as follow-up data. Such prognostic factors as sex, age, tumor resection degree, and chemoradiotherapy were analyzed.Results All patients underwent craniotomy. There were 21 boys and 6 girls included in the study. Twenty-four tumors were supratentorial, while 3 tumors were infratentorial. Twenty-two tumors were totally resected, and the other 5 tumors were subtotally resected. No coma or death was observed in the perioperative period. After surgery, 8 patients received radiotherapy and chemotherapy, 9 patients received chemotherapy alone, and the others received no chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The median overall survival (mOS) time was 16 months in all patients. The 6-month, 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year overall survival rates were 81.5%, 59.3%, 33.3%, and 14.8%, respectively. The mOS time was 13 months in boys and 14 months in girls, without significant difference between them (P=0.87). The mOS time was 11 months in patients aged 0-10 years and 14 months in those aged 11-18 years, without significant difference between them (P=0.63). The mOS time was 8.5 months in patients who underwent surgery alone and 16 months in those who underwent surgery and chemoradiotherapy, with a significant difference between them (P=0.0067). The mOS time was 14 months in patients with total tumor resection and 12 months in those with subtotal tumor resection, without significant difference between them (P=0.14); however, all the patients with long-term survival were from those with total tumor resection.Conclusions The prognosis of pediatric glioblastomas is poor on the whole. The overall survival time is not associated with age and sex. Postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy can prolong the survival time. Although total tumor resection cannot prolong the survival time, it is the premise of long-term survival.