Objective To collected the clinical data of patients diagnosed with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and to investigate the clinical features, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) manifestations of PSP, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of PSP.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 5 patients with PSP to summarize the MRI/PET-CT findings and clinical features of PSP.Results All patients had a chronic insidious onset, progressive aggravation, and supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, hypsokinesis of the head, increased axial muscular tension, slow movement, and recurrent falls in the advanced stage. Head MRI showed marked midbrain atrophy, interpeduncular cistern enlargement, a vertical line ratio of the midbrain to the long axis of the pons of 0.35-0.43, and an area ratio of the pons to the midbrain of 0.10-0.15. All five patients had a magnetic resonance Parkinsonism index (MRPI) of >13.55. In addition, PET-CT showed varying degrees of impaired glucose metabolism in the bilateral frontal lobes, the midbrain, the thalamus, and the striatum, and all patients had impaired dopamine metabolism in the bilateral striatum. Zolpidem seemed to be effective in improving dyskinesia in such patients.Conclusions The diagnosis of PSP is still based on clinical manifestations, and specific imaging changes may help with the diagnosis. There are still no definite and effective therapies for PSP at present.