Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic epidural hematoma in children.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical features, imaging results, treatment methods, and prognosis of 33 children with traumatic epidural hematoma who were admitted to our hospital from October 2010 to October 2015.Results Of all children, 10 in the non-surgery group were given conservative medication; among the 23 children in the surgery group, 11 were given borehole drainage and 12 were given craniotomy. Of all children, 26 achieved good recovery, 3 had mild disability, 2 had severe disability, and 1 died.Conclusions The key factors for the selection of optimal therapeutic regimen include the location and volume of traumatic epidural hematoma and change in consciousness.