Objective To investigate the effect of compound Xueshuantong capsules on the expression level of brain-derived conventional protein kinase C subtype γ (cPKCγ) and the degree of nerve injury in mice with artery occlusion-induced ischemic stroke.Methods Sixty healthy adult mice from Kunming were equally divided into sham-operation group, model control group, nimodipine group, and three compound Xueshuantong capsule groups (low-dose group, 0.75 g/kg; moderate-dose group, 1.50 g/kg; high-dose group, 2.25 g/kg). Neurological function scoring was performed and brain water content and cPKCγ protein level were determined at 6, 12, and 48 hours after modeling.Results The nerve injury scores in the low-, moderate-, and high-dose groups of compound Xueshuantong capsules were significantly lower than that in the sham-operation group (P<0.05). The brain cPKCγ protein levels in each group of compound Xueshuantong capsules were significantly higher than that in the model control group (P<0.05) at the end of the experiment. The brain water content in the low-, moderate-, and high-dose groups of compound Xueshuantong capsules was significantly lower than that in the model control group (P<0.05) at the end of the experiment.Conclusions Compound Xueshuantong capsules can effectively improve the degree of brain edema in mice with ischemic stroke, and alleviate nerve injury, the mechanism of which may be associated with the enhancement of cPKCγ protein expression.