Objective To investigate the effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on intracranial pressure (ICP) among traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients.Methods Thirty-two patients with acute moderate or severe TBI were divided into non-surgical group and surgical group. Each group was further divided randomly into conventional treatment group (subgroup A) and low-frequency rTMS treatment group (subgroup B). ICP values were measured by a noninvasive intracranial pressure monitor.Results In the non-surgical group, the ICP values of patients in subgroup B were significantly lower than those in subgroup A (P <0.05). In the surgical group, the ICP values of patients in subgroup B showed a decreasing trend on the first day, but were not significantly different from those in subgroup A (P >0.05). ICP values of patients in group B were all lower than those in subgroup A on the 3rd, 7th, and 9th days (P <0.05).Conclusions Low-frequency rTMS may protect the brain of patients with TBI through reducing ICP.