Objective To compare the incidence of complications and mortalities in patients with medium volume of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by the treatment with intracranial hematoma microinvasive craniopunture scavenging technique (MPST) and with drug treatment.Methods A total of 116 acute intracerebral hemorrhagic patients with the hematoma volume of 30-50 ml were enrolled. Fifty-eight patients received MPST treatment, while the other 58 received drug treatment (control group). The complications and mortalities were statistically compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of complications and mortalities in the MPST group were remarkable lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of lung infections, cardio-cerebral syndrome, neurogenic pulmonary edema and respiratory failure in the MPST group were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions MPST treatment can decrease the incidence of complications and the mortality compared with the drug treatment group in ICH patients with medium volume hematoma.