Objective To analyse the effection of variation of lesion volume to operation on progressive hemorrhagic injury in traumatic brain injury.Methods 48 patients with progressive hemorrhagic injury were analyzed in the retrospective study,who were divided into operation group(n=32)and non-operation(n=16).Age,Glasgow come score(GCS)at presentation, 6-month Glasgow outcome score(GOS), lesion volume in first CT scan and its variation whitin 24 hours after injury were compared between groups.T-test was used to compare the difference between groups.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analysis the risk factors of surgery.Results There were significant difference in 6-month GOS score, lesion volume in first CT scan and its variation whitin 24 hours after injury(P<0.05)between the two groups,while not in age and GCS at presentation(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that lesion volume whitin 24 hours after injury was High-Risk Factor for operation(OR 5.960,P<0.05).Conclusions To patients with PHI,the faster growth of lesion volume whitin 24 hours after injury,the more likely to undergo operation.The 6-month GOS score in operation group were worse than the other.